ABSTRACT
Traffic planners and policy-makers argue that new roads are required to meet an increasing demand for transportation. It is claimed that the improvement of road infrastructure contributes to economic progress, helps the environment by relieving congestion-related air pollution and improves living conditions in residential areas. In addition it is frequently argued that an updated rail and bus infrastructure will further contribute to the relief from environmental pollution as motorists are provided with a fast and thus attractive alternative to using the car.
