ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts that are discussed in the preceding chapters in this book. The binary division into phonetic and phonological errors. The basic notion appears to be that errors involving phonemic switches are labeled as substitutions, while those involving subphonemic switches are deemed to be distortions. In apraxia of speech, on the other hand, we have errors that seem to be connected with subsystems of phonetic implementation. Errors in apraxia of speech are inconsistent, which would suggest they are at a level of planning motor activity, rather than either an incorrect choice of phonological unit or an impairment at the neuromuscular level. Paraphasia type errors would implicate the phonological module as the primary site of the disorder, apraxia errors would be mainly at the phonetic planning level, while dysarthric errors would be situated at the articulatory level.
