ABSTRACT
Nagarjuna’s commentary suggests that the Hevajratantra has given the basic list of “twilight language”. These are expressions for ambiguous yoga states, while “non-twilight language” refers to states of yoga that are not ambiguous. Immediately after the section on “twilight language” in the Hevajratantra, there is a tantric song in the type of language called Apabhramsa, which is generally used for the mystic songs called Doha. The Siddhas, such as Saraha and Kanha, have left a remarkable group of these songs, the collections of which are variously called Doha-kosa, Caryaguti-kosa, and Caryapadas. One should observe that the song takes for granted the basic list of “twilight language” expressions. Notice also that the song serves as an expansion of the celebrated mantra OM MANI PADME HUM, Om, the gem in the lotus, Hum. Snellgrove’s text is adopted with a few modifications.
