ABSTRACT
The transition to parenthood is a complex and multi-determined process that significantly affects and is altered by family relationships as well as the social system within which the family is located. The process is not always smooth and predictable and instead may be marked by unexpected and often difficult events that make the transition a major stressor in the lives of families. The purpose of this review is to explore the ways in which families adapt when non-normal events occur during pregnancy and childbirth and by examining differences in how mothers and fathers manage stressful transitions, to gain new insights into the nature of maternal and paternal roles. Specifically, the impact of early detection of abnormality will be considered as well as the ways in which parents cope with the transition to parenthood when an infant is born prematurely or with various kinds of handicapping conditions. By an examination of how the transition to parenthood is modified or exaggerated by unusual events, insight into the normal change process of families may be increased.
