ABSTRACT
The intention of this chapter is to refer back to the main themes of the book, at the same time discussing in relation to cognitive theories of human behaviour. In view of the multiplicity of knowledge structures in memory, a basic requirement is the recognition of similarities between previous experiences and new situations in order to appreciate the relevance of previously learned strategies and solutions to new problems. Language can be used to inform, to influence and to persuade, to convey emotions and to analyse motivations, to discuss decisions and to plan for the future. Yet the processes needed to turn knowledge into action have often been taken for granted in cognitive research. In the early years of psychology learning was a major topic and has, after many decades, again became an important area of study. Despite the apparent chaos of beliefs, prejudices, routine actions and conscious attempts to solve problems, humans are continually learning from experience.
