ABSTRACT

Since བԩ (rúhé: how) is a formal or written expression for ᗢМḋ (zěnme yàng), ᮴䆎བԩ and ϡㅵᗢМḋ have the same meaning of ‘no matter what’. The implication is ‘under all circumstances’. However, in terms of usage, ᮴䆎 བԩ is often a stand-alone expression; as such, it is acceptable to omit 䛑 or г in the main sentence when ᮴䆎བԩ is used this way.