ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the various places of articulation in turn, grouped into the following categories: labial, anterior lingual, dorsal, and posterior. There are two places of articulation in normal speech that come under this heading: bilabial and labiodentals. Bilabial consonants are commonly found in the languages of the world, and English has bilabial plosives and nasal stops. Labiodental articulations require the lower lip to be brought up to the lower edge of the upper front teeth. Again, the lower lip is generally considered to be the active articulator. There are four main places of articulation made with the anterior part of the tongue: dental , alveolar , postalveolar , and retroflex. In dental articulations, the tip of the tongue is the active articulator and the inside of the upper front teeth is the passive articulator. Dental articulations can be found for all the main consonant types: nasal, plosive, fricative, affricate, and approximant.
