ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an overview of recent research about knowledge and cognitive processes in mathematical problem solving and reasoning. I discuss broad trends that I illustrate with examples; this is not a thorough review of research findings. The chapter has three main sections. First, I discuss research accomplishments that have been achieved in the period from the mid-1970s to the present. The dominant goal of this research has been to understand the knowledge structures that are required for successful performance of school tasks.
