ABSTRACT
Over and over again in Chapter Four we saw sizable differences between the villages on the southeast of the Grand Canal and those on the northwest: southeast villagers had more disposable cash on hand, spent more on fruits and vegetables, and ate less low-nutrient grains. They had more consumer durables, better paying jobs, bigger, more modern and expensive houses, less land (and therefore less time spent in agricultural labor), but reaped higher grain yields. They had higher educational levels and spent more on their children. In short, they had more of what township residents consider the elements of well-being.
