ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses China’s internationalization in a comparative and international context. The conceptual framework of internationalization is revisited, with the key focus on the exploration of Chinese understanding of university internationalization. Internationalization must encompass concrete contents such as curriculum, international mobility of scholars/students, cooperative programs with the community, training, and a wide array of administrative services. In the Chinese case, internationalization signifies to China’s higher education community an integration with the international community. Chinese practice underlines that internationalization of higher education in a country is fundamentally determined by its specific circumstances. The implementation of internationalization is also different in countries at different scientific and economic development levels in various social, cultural environments. Internationalization is, however, fundamentally different from globalization in that it refers to the reciprocal exchange of people, ideas, good and services between two or more nations and cultural identities.
