ABSTRACT

First Published in 2002. This study explores how the five tribes of Oklahoma - Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles - strove to achieve political unity within their tribes during the first decades of the 20th century by forging a new sense of peoplehood around the idea of blood.

chapter 2|13 pages

Lament for a Golden Age

chapter 3|13 pages

“Real” Indians

chapter 4|14 pages

The Importance of Being White

chapter 5|19 pages

Hardship and Decline

chapter 6|15 pages

Assimilation's Failure

chapter 8|2 pages

Epilogue