ABSTRACT
In many North American cities, the costs and challenges of traffic congestion have come under increasing scrutiny in recent years. Seen as the outcome of automobile-friendly, low-density, urban development, congestion is cast as a symptom of under-regulated expansion, as well as a significant hindrance to economic growth. In the Greater Toronto Area, renewed interest in regulating transportation and urban development is grounded in concerns over the costs of congestion. In this light, congestion serves as an entry point into questions of growth and regulation.
