ABSTRACT
China is at a demographic turning point. In Chinese history, more than half of the Chinese on the mainland are living and working in cities and towns. The migration population amounts to 260 million, and 220 million of them are migrants from the countryside to coastal urban centers. One of the most fundamental demographic changes in China is the share of working-age population. The current demographic situation is the result of the past demographic dynamics, including changes in fertility and mortality patterns. Second, the educational attainment of the labor force has been improving as more well-educated young university graduates start their working life, is a consequence of the rapid expansion of China's higher education system. The aging process has already affected China's social welfare system, particularly the social insurance programs. At present, the system consists of insurance programs of pension, health care, injury, childbearing and unemployment. The impacts of rapid aging are mainly on pension and health care.
