ABSTRACT
A highly useful framework for the institutional analysis of the Russian socio-economic system was developed by Bessonova. Bessonova and her colleagues at the Novosibirsk School of Socio-economics, have created a version of the institutional matrix for the Russian Federation and used this matrix to elaborate on what they called the distributive model of the Russian economy. This chapter discusses in detail which elements of the institutional matrix will be used to understand the evolution of Human Resource Development (HRD) in Russia on multiple levels. Between 1861 and 1914, Russia was experiencing major economic reforms and political transformations, which resulted in the creation of a foundation for the development of market-oriented institutions. The chapter provides a stage for analysis of HRD systems that have emerged in Russia in 1917-2009 by providing an overview of the major transformations in the economy and society that took place during this turbulent period of modern Russian history.
