ABSTRACT
During the northern hemispheric summer, the Indian subcontinent witnesses conspicuous seasonal changes in wind systems. Other significant synoptic features are the heat near the surface over northwest India and adjoining Pakistan, the anticyclones in the higher troposphere over Tibet, the intertropical convergence zone over the Indo-Gangetic plains, and the tropical easterly jet in summer. Variations of some of these features from the normal pattern often lead to aberrant weather situations like droughts or floods.
