ABSTRACT
Despite changing values, certain techniques showed a high degree of consistency throughout the period. Indeed, allowance made for the evolution of media, such devices had been characteristic of struggles going back at least to the religious wars of early modern times., and in some cases to medieval conflicts. The often shrill assertion, for instance, that God was with one's own legions and against the enemy's rang from British pulpits throughout the tense years of bracing for a French invasion, just as it was heard in the Protestant, Catholic and Orthodox churches of Prussia, Austria and Russia when the War of Liberation began. It had also, of course, been somewhat belatedly appropriated by Napoleon in his Imperial Catechism of 1806.
