ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses revisionist Froebelians in England during the period 1890 to 1914, their critique of the Froebelian orthodoxy and their interventions in the schooling of the urban poor. The organisational core of this movement was the Froebel Society, founded in 1874, and the National Froebel Union (NFU), founded in 1887. Also constitutive of the Froebel movement was a diverse mixture of institutions, journals and other publications and cultural practices. A key moment in the development of the revisionist Froebelian child-saving ideology was the foundation, in 1881, of the Pestalozzi Froebel House in Berlin by Froebel's grand-niece, Henriette Schrader-Breymann. Froebelian revisionists like Elsie Murray, the free kindergartens were a means of bringing true education to bear on social questions. Grace Owen obtained a BSc from the prestigious Teacher's College, Columbia University at New York and while she was there her account of a mission kindergarten in New York was published in 1900 in the English Froebelian journal Child Life.
