ABSTRACT
One can conclude that during the 1970s and the first half of the 1980s there were significant differences in the governmental response to the 1970 biologists definition of the environmental challenge. By the mid-1980s, there were indications, such as in the Netherlands of a revitalised recognition of the gravity of the environmental challenge and of the emergence of a new general and comprehensive policy strategy. The question is whether or not it is reasonable to assume that governments' pursuit of the strategy of ecological modernisation will result in a system of governance that can realistically meet the environmental challenge. By framing the expansion and internationalisation of environmental policies in terms that stress particular types of instruments based on the institutional logic of the market economy, environmental policy instruments anchored in other types of institutional logics are organised out as applicable alternatives. The chapter also presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book.
