ABSTRACT
Abolitionists became more militant within a context of rising violence within the United States that lasted from the 1830s through the Civil War years. There were anti-black and antiabolition riots in several northern cities during the 1830s and early 1840s* The United States Army forced 16,000 Cherokees from their homeland in Georgia to Oklahoma in 1838. The Texas war for independence in 1836 led to the American war against Mexico a decade later. During the 1850s, the struggle between the North and South produced violent confrontations over the new Fugitive Slave Law and the status of slavery in Kansas Territory.
