ABSTRACT
Chapters 2–4 were concerned with the existence of different football nations (actual or latent) within one state. Most professional football clubs aspire to play in their own national league; if successful, they can take part in one of the continental competitions. For leading British clubs ‘getting into Europe’ is a major objective. For a small number of clubs, however, playing abroad is for various reasons the norm; this chapter considers football clubs (not players) that play across the border. The increasing globalization of sport has precipitated a rapid growth in players exercising their trade abroad. Duke (1994) has documented the spread of Czechoslovak and Hungarian players across Europe in the early 1990s and there is a growing literature on the topic of sports migration (see Bale and Maguire 1994).
