ABSTRACT
On the creation of the Empire in 1804 Napoleon established a new, imperial nobility which continued to expand until his fall. In round numbers he gave some 3600 titles: 42 were made princes and dukes (29 of these were military men); 500 were made counts (135 military men); 1500 were made barons (920 military men); 1500 chevaliers (almost 1200 military men). Of these, 290 individuals received two titles. The majority of the recipients were French, or were from territories newly annexed to, or associated with, France. About 1000 of the recipients were drawn from the nobility of the old regime, of these 680 were French, 170 Italian, and 60 Poles.
