ABSTRACT
The concept of the science city has broadened over the last twenty years, and hence a reassessment is overdue. Technopoles of the World identified the science city as a planned city, built for the purpose of concentrating science investment. This chapter starts by developing a typology of science cities, in this case with a strong historical or evolutionary basis. In the first wave, the term science city emerged in the context of purpose-built, campus-based new towns, nationally instigated and hosting new public basic research. The second wave of science cities, not always labelled as such, represents a step towards a greater focus on commercialisation. The third wave differs from the previous waves by the absence of major citybuilding activity. At the heart of a science city strategy is the idea of a core vision focused on science-based development. Central to the development of the collective vision for the science city is the nature of the partnership and governance relationships.
