ABSTRACT

Native Hawaiians 1 (NH) account for the largest Pacific Islander group in the United States (Hixson, Hepler, & Kim, 2013). They also represent a significant proportion of Indigenous groups: approximately 540,000 individuals self-identified as NH in the 2010 census, accounting for 16% of those who self-identified as Native Americans and Alaskan Natives (Humes, Jones, & Ramirez, 2011). More than half of NH individuals live in the state of Hawai‘i; they represent approximately 25% of the state’s population of 1.4 million (Hixson et al., 2013).