ABSTRACT
Since the early 1980s, British left realists have tried to break the left-wing silence on inner-city working-class crime, racial harassment, and domestic violence by providing a critical discourse that attempts to theorize these problems and proposes short-term socialist strategies to curb them. Left realists propose short-term anticrime strategies that both challenge the right-wing law and order campaign and take seriously working class communities legitimate fear of street crime. British left realists provide a theoretical perspective on crime to which the square of crime is a central component. If the square of crime is a major component of the left realist perspective, then so are the concepts of relative deprivation and subculture. According to Ruggiero, a left realist theory of corporate and white collar crime should take into account theories that focus on learning processes and those that go beyond the explanation of street crime.
