ABSTRACT
Since intermittent explosive disorder (IED) became a diagnostic category in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980) the exclusionary criteria combined with the vague operational definitions within the IED category made diagnosis and research difficult ( Coccaro, 2003b ). More recently, DSM-5 (APA, 2013) included a criterion for verbal aggression (rather than just physical aggression), allowing for inclusion of additional individuals into the diagnostic category (Coccaro, 2013).
