ABSTRACT
The Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia divided the total forested area into five classes: 1) Protection forests; 2) Parks and Reserves; 3) Limited Production forests; 4) Non-convertible forests; and 5) Conversion forests. Parks and reserves cover 18.7 million hectares, which means that about 10 per cent of all Indonesian land area is set aside for conservation and protection. This a very large area in comparison to that so designated in most developed and developing countries. The main constraint in the reserve system is the absence of incentives for local people in the preservation of natural resources. In fact generally people have no awareness of environmental proteetion and, essentially, they gain no benefit from those protected areas.
