ABSTRACT
Urban development is the result of the interactions among numerous individuals in many sectors engaging in complex decision-making behaviors. The application of the concept of cellular automata (CA) to cities can be traced back to the initial simulations of urban systems. By referring to the development of CA in the analysis of self-organization in the evolution of urban space in recent years, one also explored the rules of spatial evolution in the system of self-organization using computer simulation. The concept of emergence also suggests the influence of global-local interactions in a self-organized system. Using the theory of complexity science, Bak and Chen developed a concept to explain behavior in composite systems, in which millions of elements interact with each other within a limited time and space. In the past two decades, the way that urban development is viewed by scholars in geography and planning has significantly changed.
