ABSTRACT
A n d as soon as he had done this, the Emperor, in the presence of all, made Frey Roger sit down before him and gave him the baton and the cap and the banner and the seal of the Empire, and invested him with the robes belonging to the office and made him Caesar of the Empire. And a Caesar is an officer who sits in a chair near that of the Emperor, only half a palm lower, and he can do as much as the Emperor in the Empire. He can bestow gifts in perpetuity and can dispose of the treasure, impose tributes, and he can apply the question and hang and quarter ; and, finally, all the Emperor can do, he can do also. And again, he signs “ Caesar of Our Empire ” and the Emperor writes to him “ Caesar of Thy Empire.” W hat shall I tell you ? There is no difference between the Emperor and the Caesar, except that the chair is half a palm lower than that of the Emperor and the Emperor wears a scarlet cap and all his robes are scarlet, and the Caesar wears a blue cap and all his robes are blue with a narrow gold border. And so Frey Roger was created Cæsar, and it happens that, for four hundred years, there had been no Caesar
in the Empire of Constantinople,1 wherefore the honour was all the greater. And when all this was done with great solem nity and with a great feast, En Berenguer de Entenza was thenceforth called Grand Duke and Frey Roger, Cæsar.
