ABSTRACT

In local organizations where the expatriate elite is seen to be above the rules and excessively privileged, it will be difficult to achieve desired results through awareness training. In an environment where employees are divided into two classes, such as an elite expatriate class and a local non-elite class, mistrust between the groups can make fraud awareness training difficult. Employees at any level in the organization can be involved in fraud and corruption. Frauds might also be perpetuated by suppliers, customers or total outsiders. The construction industry in many countries is considered to have a relatively high risk of fraud and corruption. Awareness training should be presented as an invitation to employees at all levels to assist in the battle against fraud and corruption, and to avoid the appearance of management lecturing employees on the subject. Communication gaps can seriously affect the understanding of awareness training or code of conduct documents, and the way they will be applied.