ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the meaning and usage of the terms contained in the words 'defence' and 'security' in the context of the Strategic Defence Review (SDR). The term 'defence' has become a portmanteau word whose meaning encompasses military operations and security, the defence of the realm and the exercise of political power internationally. Although it is the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Britain that directs military preparations and operations, the Home Office is responsible for security, the Foreign Office together with the Department for International Development, for international relations and the Treasury has control of the necessary finances. The defence policy adopted by a country is influenced by the national culture and its prevailing political ideology. Military effectiveness has depended on technology since the earliest times and inventions, such as the chariot, the longbow or gunpowder, have increased lethality and thus conferred a competitive advantage to the possessor.
