ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts of key concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book narrates more than two decades of social disputes over genetically modified organisms in Argentina and Brazil to develop the argument that the transformation of Argentina and Brazil into top world producers of GM crops cannot be explained by the technological superiority of biotechnology. It reveals the importance of alliances between urban NGOs, often with professional backgrounds in law, agronomy and communication, and agrarian movements in order to challenge the biotech food regime. The book highlighted the difficulties faced by social movements in contexts of high social inequality, in which they see themselves forced to reduce their demands on the state to a minimum shared consensus of reducing poverty. It highlights the need to embed political opportunity structures in global and national markets, which could be translated for social movement studies as a political-economic opportunity structure.
