ABSTRACT
The impulse to intervene in the city during the nineteenth century was a consequence of the process of industrialization. As soon as the machines which drove industry became free from the need for proximity to running water industry migrated to the city where plentiful labour was available, and in making this move industry attracted ever increasing numbers of rural workers to cities. The social consequences of the mass migration into towns that had never experienced and were not prepared for this type of explosive growth were dire. It was the attempts to right the evils of the industrial city which directed thought and action towards the urban condition.
