ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the current approaches that embody the characteristics of integrated assurance for supporting a coordinated view of risks and assurance. It discusses the seeds for one that can be found in the various assurance models but a universal common framework for integrated assurance may not yet be defined. The chapter considers the case of Novo Nordisk, a global healthcare company headquartered in Denmark with over 36,000 employees in 75 countries, which manufactures and markets to about 180 countries. It also considers the UK National Health Service (NHS) Integrated Governance model and Assurance Framework for executives and non-executives in the NHS to illustrate the second type of approach to integrated assurance. The aim of the model is to provide a 'journey towards optimal governance' by moving governance out of silos towards a more holistic approach in the face of an increasing governance agenda.
