ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the limits to residents' choice and the stratification of control and it is revealed through both cultural and material forms of displacement. First, cultural displacement stems from the same assumptions underpinning social mix and gentrification which infer that working-class residents are essentially different from middle-class gentrifiers, with deficit desires that require valorisation. The paradox is that working-class participation in gentrification is encouraged but it compounds class inequality. The displacement of the working-class subject has both cultural and material aspects, both of which are interconnected. New four-fold typology of displacement are perverse, latent generational, strategic and spiralling. Conceptualisations of social capital, whether in policy prescriptions, Putnam, or contemporary class analyses which draw from Bourdieu's tend to underplay the material basis of differentiation. The problem is that hierarchical accounts of cultural distinction and metaphoric capital can inadvertently legitimise the value of the dominant culture of gentrification and neoliberalism.
