ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights the use of informants and rules of engagement all stem from the horrendous environment which Iraq became after 2003 after the completion of the conventional campaign. In terms of ethical issues, intelligence played a role in many of the human rights concerns which emerged in Iraq. Iraq was only turned away from civil war by a series of developments which were held to demonstrate the success of modern counter-insurgency (COIN). In 2008 local forces supported by Coalition troops then also ended the power of the Shia Mahdi movement in Iraq and in Basra, its southern heartland. The invasion of Iraq saw approximately 43,000 British troops deployed as part of the wider US-led coalition force of approximately 200,000 troops. The wars and sanctions of the 1990s had affected the general population of Iraq: according to one pre-invasion survey Fear remains but appears to have receded.
