ABSTRACT
Germany's attitude towards international migration can best be described as 'ambivalent'. The employers' organizations took a positive view of European Union (EU) enlargement. Enlargement was especially promoted by the large industrial employers' organizations, such as the Federation of German Industries (BDI) and the Confederation of German Employers' Associations (BDA), which stated that transitional periods for employees should not be 'too long'. In respect of the freedom of services the German Trade Unions (DGB) stressed the higher fines, as well as improvements in the Labour Inspectorate would be necessary to combat illegal work. Collective bargaining legislation can be described as all the laws dealing with collective bargaining processes, the roles and rights of social partners, and so on. One of the main problems with posted - and bogus self-employed - workers was that they often avoided paying social security contributions by relocating formal operations to letterbox companies abroad.
