ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the relationships among the anthropology of music, ethnomusicology, and Western musicology and illustrates this discussion with comments on the work of two musical scholars who have conducted research many years apart: Francis Theresa Densmore and Kofi Agawu. Densmore's goal was to collect Native American culture, particularly its music and its instruments, in the belief that these cultures would soon die out. She was an early pioneer in ethnomusicology before the term existed, drawing from Western musical experience and knowledge. Professional ethnomusicological and anthropological interest in third- and fourth-world musics began to mature in the United States in the 1950s. Agawu is asking for is recognition of the role of native musicologists in Africa, despite their much more difficult conditions of research and publication in their own countries, recognition on an equal footing with Western musical scholars, if not for a superior position since they reside in African countries more or less permanently.
