ABSTRACT
Paulo Virno and Michael Hardt provide Radical Thought in Italy, a collection of relatively contemporary writings from Italy that show how the perspective of autonomy was rethinking its foundations in the context of new situations. Rather the perspective of autonomy sees labour as potentially and in practice autonomous from capital and capital as fundamentally reactive to the struggles of labour. Labour is autonomous in the sense that it struggles to exist in many ways before' capital labour is not dependent on capital for its existence as a social force. John Holloway is the best know proponent of what can be called Negative Autonomism'. This is a variant of the perspective of autonomy which is clearly positioned against the dominant understand represented in the work of Hardt and Negri Tronti. The perspective of autonomy does often write a historical narrative of capitalism based on different forms of class composition.
