ABSTRACT
Introduction: movements for the revalorisation of black In Chapter 7, I advanced the core arguments for the abandonment of the odious concept ‘black’ to describe and categorise Africans. This chapter directly examines the alternative arguments put forward by the dominant contemporary anti-racist strategy. This alternative perspective holds the view that the negative connotations of the term ‘black’ can be subverted and that the term ‘black’ can be revalorised and used as a positive term and an instrument of political resistance. This approach has led to the emergence of, on the one hand, social movements such as the Black Consciousness movement of South Africa and the Black Power movement of the United States, and, on the other hand, theoretical orientations, including the Négritude movement of French-speaking native Africans located both in Africa and in the Caribbean, and the decolonisation of blackness and the subversion of the negative symbolic meaning of blackness in the United States.
