ABSTRACT
This chapter first focuses on the emergence of APA legal activism. In recent decades, not only did lesbian, gay, and bisexual psychology flourish, but 'sexuality' became an object in an increasing range of academic disciplines. Secondly, it examines the contrasts between psychology, psychiatry, and biology in the case of Colorado Amendment 2 which was determined in the US Supreme Court as Romer v. Evans in 1996. Thirdly, the chapter considers the differences between psychology and sociology in regard to parenting cases from the mid-1990s onward. In the Watkins and Ben-Shalom briefs, the APA argued that in regard to heterosexist treatment and immutability, 'the Court should take into account scientific research, much of it conducted by psychologists, and expert scientific issues concerning these very issues'. Finally, the chapter examines how these events and the Lawrence ruling changed the rules of the game, and set the context for the APA's support for equal marriage law in the twenty-first century.
