ABSTRACT
Motivation has been a subject of human interest for a very long time, from early philosophical and religious perspectives, often related to ideas about free will and the determination of behaviour, to more modern scientific or psychological theories that consider a range of influences, both internal and external. Motivation is an important concept in research and practice at all levels of education – from preschool, kindergarten or even nursery levels, to the education of adults in tertiary education or professional development organisations; and its influence should not be ignored in informal learning contexts. A positive school ethos is important for all learners but for children with difficulties it is essential. McLean discusses the qualities of a motivated school. He argues that motivation is the school's responsibility and that it is quite distinct from developing student self-esteem. Social aspects of learning can also be related to the need for friendship.
