ABSTRACT
Growing up in a family of journalists, newspapering was a natural fit. Four years after graduating from a Top 10 journalism program, Kelly was a 26-year-old copy editor working at a 125,000 daily circulation newspaper. Since the mid-1900s, researchers have been examining job satisfaction levels of newspaper journalists. The Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire (MOAQ's) job satisfaction measurement has been used in dozens of studies, including the examination of white-collar employees, including editors, state government employees, and state civil service employees from a university, non-faculty university employees, and traffic enforcement agents. In 1935 following the suicide of a foreign correspondent, an editorial in The Guild Reporter summarized the adrenaline peaks and valleys of journalism. News workers mired in the desk operations bore the brunt of the transitions between 2009 and 2014. Online editing and posting responsibilities fell to the copy and design desk, as did rewriting headlines for search-engine optimization (SEO), and updating breaking news stories.
