Kant’s Theory of Freedom in Fourfold Root as the Progenitor of Schopenhauer’s Metaphysics of Will

Although Schopenhauer regarded himself as Kant’s true successor, denouncing Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel for having been philosophically unfaithful to Kant’s central insights, he was not uncritical of Kant. In in a lengthy appendix to the first volume of The World as Will and Representation , entitled “Critique of the Kantian Philosophy,” he set forth his differences with Kant’s epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics in a comprehensive survey.