ABSTRACT
This chapter explains in historical order, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Froebel, of the doctrine of nature as applied to education. Froebel is said as of Pestalozzi, that in France at least, he is more praised than known, more celebrated than studied. The elements of education according to Froebel are, with religion, the artistic studies, mathematics, language, and, above all, nature. Froebel, still a novice in the art of teaching, attempted scarcely more than scrupulously to apply the Pestalozzian methods. The Pere Girard is the most eminent educator of modern Switzerland, less celebrated than Pestalozzi and Froebel. The master conception of Froebel, the creation of the Kindergarten, was only slowly developed in his mind. He was appointed to direct the primary school at Friburg. The Pere Girard would have grammar made an exercise in thinking. In the same spirit he claimed to find in the study of geography a means of contributing to the development of the moral nature.
