ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses welfare conditionality in its broader policy context by considering other dimensions on which welfare provision may vary. Specifically, it locates behavioural conditionality as one among several potential forms of welfare targeting, and differentiates targeting from two other conceptually distinct aspects of welfare provision, its generosity and whether it is provided on the basis of entitlement or discretion. It is helpful to distinguish between three types of conditions which can be used to target welfare goods and services: Conditions of status, Conditions of need, and Conditions of conduct. Depending on the nature of the specific welfare good or service in question, issues of generosity may pertain to the quantity of cash, goods or services offered; the duration for which the relevant benefit, goods or services can be received. A further important distinction can be drawn between welfare goods and services allocated on the basis of entitlement and those distributed according to the discretion of local decision makers.
