ABSTRACT

“Meaningful applications of psychology must be based on a sound scientific foundation. Consequently, ethical application of psychological principles to social problems must await the development of relevant theory that has been tested by empirical research. In addition to a thorough knowledge of scientific facts and theory, practitioners of applied psychology must also have the requisite personal qualities that will enable them to work comfortably and effectively with a wide range of clients” (Spielberger, 1984, p. xi).