ABSTRACT

Moments of anger, hurt, disappointment, and/or tragedy shade every person’s life. The events that cause hurt can be dramatic-such as abuse, violence, and betrayal-or subtle, such as not getting an expected promotion or an unreturned phone call. Spitzberg and Cupach (1998) explore and itemize interpersonal harms and human failings in their book The Dark Side of Close Relationships, including betrayal, jealousy, envy, gossip, codependence, obsession, abuse, and abandonment.