ABSTRACT

This chapter discusses the general public health implications of natural disasters. The public health impact and needs after natural disasters vary according to disaster type, magnitude of the event, as well as the sociodemographic and epidemiological risk factors associated with the affected communities. Unexpected mortality and morbidity often overwhelm the local emergency and relief response system. In addition to excess deaths and health problems associated with a disaster, adverse health outcomes may also affect 'bystanders'. After a disaster, survivors may suffer from adverse mental health after witnessing or going through traumatising events. Long-term consequences of disasters not only affect individuals but also can be felt at the community and country level. The public health impact and needs after natural disasters vary according to disaster type, magnitude of the event, as well as the sociodemographic and epidemiological risk factors associated with the affected communities. Many people lost their loved ones, their homes and possessions. Unemployment was prominent immediately after the disaster.