ABSTRACT

The leader of the military rebellion that removed Juan Perón from power and exiled him was retired General Eduardo Leonardi, a Catholic nationalist. Leonardi closed the Congress, replaced all the members of the Supreme Court, intervened in all of the provinces and universities, and removed the public officers, university professors, and teachers that were considered active Peronists. President Guido called for a presidential election in 1963 and re-enacted the outlawing of Peronism. Soon after the fall of Perón in 1955, the new military government invited Raúl Prebisch, by then the Secretary General of the Economic Commission for Latin America of the United Nations, to prepare a diagnosis of the economic situation in 1955 and to propose future economic policies. The foreign exchange system changed in October 1955, less than two months after the fall of Perón. In spite of the significant adjustment of the price of the dollar, imports of goods considered non-essential were still severely restricted.