The Subcreation of J. R. R. Tolkien’s Middle-earth and How It Became Transmedial Culture

The story does, however, not end there. Since the publication of The Lord of The Rings in the mid-1950s, the fan culture surrounding the work has grown and it has been transformed into other media such as radio, movies, cartography, role-playing games, board games, video games, and toys. The subject of this essay is to recognize how the Middle-earth (the central continent of Tolkien’s imaginary world, Arda) was turned into transmedial culture.